Generalis essentia: Erugena’s Theory of Ousia and the Issue of Universals
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Eriugena’s philosophical enquiry – Categories, Universals, Individuation – centres around the notion of ousia, which is understood either as the general essence, the genus generalissimum, or as a particular substance. In opposition to Aristotle’s Categories John Scottus defends a radical realism; he sees individuation as accidental, and the individual as a bundle of universal properties. William of Champeaux will resume Eriugena’s doctrine in his so-called theory of Material Essence Realism.
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