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This article aims to debate the child protection system in France under the angle of the “new public management of social” (Bresson, Jetté, Bellot, 2013), in that sense that child protection on the one hand, and its accountability (Milburn, 2009) on the other hand, now coexist, blurring the understanding of the situations that professionals known. The split between “child victim” and “child perpetrator”, wanted by the legislation of the last twenty years, subjects professionals and by extension, their practices to a paradigm shift hitherto favored in the field, revealing a reconfiguration of representations of childhood in danger. Following Robert Castel (1981) and Jean-François Gaspar (2012) research works, what are the support or the resistance to these new methods of social management? Also, this article aims to report on the practices of professionals faced with these paradoxical injunctions, the analysis of which demonstrates the difficulties in supporting the child or the adolescent in the processes of socialization and individuality’s formation.