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Today, biomass is the only known natural and renewable carbon source of which there is enough to substitute fossil fuels. This resource is expected to have societal functions, leading to a change in our methods of production and consumption of agricultural products. Faced with the proliferation of territorial biomass valorization projects, this article seeks to understand the socioeconomic modalities of their emergence in agricultural territories and the decision-making processes of actors involved in terms of their motivations and their obstacles to getting involved in a methanization project. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with some of the farmers involved in the project. A typology then emerged from this research, demonstrating the complexity of decision-making processes in a non-food biomass valorization chain.