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This paper focuses on the sociologist Célestin Bouglé, for whom political action and sociology could not be separated and in fact fed on each other. Unlike Émile Durkheim, the sociologist seems to have linked sociology to political action on a systematic basis. To make this point, this paper explores his friendship with Albert Thomas until the death of the latter in 1932. The deliberate or effective collaboration between the Centre de documentation sociale and the International Labour Office displays the role that Célestin Bouglé intended for sociology in terms of the realization and the articulation of what he considered to be the two cornerstones of peace: Moral education and social justice. Conversely, the work of the International Labour Office found its rightful place within his sociological thinking.