The occurrence of an acute seizure in a child is always one of the most threatening event for the parents. The first seizure can result from an acute reactive seizure due to fever or other condition as well as the first seizure of a childhood epilepsy syndrome. Our goal in compiling this volume was to create a text that focuses on this acute symptom that is so commonly encountered rather than produce another book on clinical epileptology since there are many excellent books pertaining to epilepsy. A comprehensive understanding of the nature of such a situation contributes to rapid diagnosis, expert management, improved outcome, and helps redirect the attention of physicians to addressing the primary medical problem in an expeditious manner.