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This article examines European climate negotiations between 1989 and 1992 and seeks to identify the characteristics of these negotiations conducted within a specific regional and global context: the end of the Cold War, the strengthening of European integration, and the rise of the global climate regime, on the eve of the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. By providing a historical perspective on these negotiations, the aim is to highlight the framework in which they took place, identify their nature, and emphasise their impact on both the history of the EC/EU integration process and the political history of the environment.