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This paper examines the sustainability of tourism in Tunisia—in particular, Saharan tourism in the region of Gafsa-Tozeur, which is intended to boost tourism activity in Tunisia. First of all, the authors show the limits of the economic analysis of welfare. Then, they use an approach in terms of indicators of sustainable tourism and time series econometrics. The data used in this study are annual, covering the period 1972–2013 at the national level and 1977–2012 at the regional level. The authors also use techniques of cointegration and the error correction model to measure the impact of tourism development on Tunisian economic growth. Finally, they show the difficulties of Saharan tourism in overcoming the limitations of the mass sun-and-sand model.