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The paper is a preliminary attempt to reconstruct core musical features of Berber music. The Berber languages form a closely related set which spread across North Africa from East to West perhaps 3000 years ago. Their music has much and in common and some of the instruments played as well as the pentatonic scale seem to derive from the Nile Valley. The paper reviews features of musical structures and instruments, concluding that the influence of Arab music has added many novel features, especially in the Central Maghreb, but that some regions, notably the Atlas Mountains retain more conservative features. Surprisingly, given the importance of both Phoenician and Roman culture, neither seem to have had a major impact on Berber music.