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Due to its incidence and its prevalence—which are constantly increasing across the world, including in Algeria—, the morbidity and mortality it generates, and the high cost of its treatment, stage 5 chronic kidney disease is a major public health issue. Our objective is to describe the epidemiology of stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) treated in south-eastern Algeria. Patients and methods. In our regional, multicenter, prospective descriptive study, all patients with stage 5 CKD, residing and treated in south-eastern Algeria between September 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, were included and followed up until December 31, 2018. Results. Stage 5 CKD is a frequent pathology in the region. 1934 patients were included. It mainly affects younger people: the mean age of patients was 50.17 ± 16.98 years, with a male predominance at 59.10%. High blood pressure and diabetes are the two main causes. Temporary catheter dialysis starts accounted for 81.5% of cases, with initial management requiring emergency dialysis in 91.2% of cases. In total, 97.1% of chronic hemodialysis patients use an arteriovenous fistula as a permanent vascular access. Conclusion. Our study population is younger than that of developed countries and has fewer comorbidities and disabilities but lower survival and high mortality. Developing a national stage 5 CKD registry is becoming an absolute necessity. It will enable us to have better knowledge of the disease’s epidemiology and the needs of its care in each region. It can contribute to improving the prevention and management of this disease.