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Following the traditional commons of natural resources and the new digital commons, social commons represents the pooling and sharing of resources that are universal rights such as healthcare, culture and employment, whose collective management ensures local and democratic access for all. After developing this hypothesis, the author proposes a macro-institutional analysis in order to assess the potential for a global transformation of social commons. While they form through numerous SSE experiences a marginal sub-system of the current neoliberal capitalist system, the author suggests a way of surmounting the latter to institute a commons society, i.e. a society of communal capitalism in which the commons becomes the political principle.