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This editorial presents the main contributions of the theory of team reasoning in game theory, and the issues that remain to be solved before this theory can become a credible alternative to “orthodox” game theory. I argue in particular that an approach based on collective agency rather than rational choice theory and social preferences offers a scientifically preferable theory of unselfish behaviors, both in terms of parsimony and empirical validation. I review the economic literature on team reasoning and highlight the contributions of the papers of the present volume to tackling the open issues of the theory of team reasoning.