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From 1910, Max Weber decided to pave the way for an economic sociology that analyzed economic phenomena using sociological categories. From this point of view, money is an interesting topic to consider, especially because this singular commodity supports the rational calculation carried out in modern Western capitalism. The notion of rationalization is used by Weber in order to analyze money in sociological terms. By borrowing ideas simultaneously from the German historical school and the Austrian marginalists, he firstly describes the way the different functions of money have historically been unified. Second, he highlights the role and the importance of a tension between a material and a formal rationalization of money. This tension is a relevant lens to use in order to understand, from a sociological point of view, phenomena like inflation and speculation.