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In his “The souls of White folk”, published in 1920, W.E.B. Du Bois drew a masterful autopsy of the contemporary world under White supremacy. Looking first at the expansion of imperialism and colonialism, Du Bois underscores the core role played by European colonies for the emergence of capitalism, and the First World War, and thereby positions the racial question as a key matrix to redefine Marxism as a political strategy. He then deconstructs the belief in White superiority by promoting Black pride and the Pan-African struggle for the material and intellectual emancipation of African or Afro-descendant people. His essay concludes with the articulation of the idea of ‘double points of vantage’ or ‘clairvoyance’ that minorities can shed on the social world, precisely thanks to a subaltern position that allows for a capacity for critique. These ideas were later on conceptualized as positionality and Whiteness. These historical, political and epistemological insights foreground “The souls of White folk” as one of the xxth century major scholarly work.