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Maternity and the joint hospitalization of mother and child constitute indicating factors for psychotherapeutic monitoring. How does this work for female drug addicts? Employing a theoretical and clinical framework, the psychotherapeutic monitoring of Fantine, a young female drug addict dependent on morphine sulphate (Skenan), allows us to present features of the care and support provided by the Hôpital Mère-Enfant de l’Est Parisien. This clinical approach takes account of the possibility of accommodating patient behaviors that derive from archaic processes, in a space where they can be embraced, accompanied, and developed in the transference-countertransference relationship. The goal of hospitalization is to grasp the different regressive outcomes that follow from the construction of the patient’s identity as a mother. Thus, a psychotherapeutic relationship in this context entails a drastic change in the patient and in her relationship to her child, just as much as in the complete cessation of the drug use.