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Interpreting literature is a common practice in psychoanalysis. By linking The theme of the three caskets (1913) with Remembering, Repeating and Working- Through (1914), this article proposes to study how the commentary of the literary text in psychoanalysis can improve the theory of interpretation, in its ethical dimension. The conditions for this type of commentary are: firstly, the necessary highlighting of the analyst’s desire during the act of interpretation. Secondly, it is about starting from the enigma that the text raises in its reader. We point out the clinical value of the practice of literary commentary through the extension of the concept of transference that it motivates.