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Evolutions in our globalized societies and their impact on territories and environment are making it essential for decision makers and stakeholders to understand the state and dynamics of the territories in their areas of competence. In this context, and in view of the multiplicity and complexity of territorial systems, the development of observational tools appears essential. Observation, at the interface between reality and knowledge and therefore necessary for all planning and prospective approaches, appears as the strategic informational link in decisional circuits and hence in the necessary regulation of territorial systems.