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The literature on music therapy for children with autism emphasises the numerous benefits that they can derive from it, in particular for their social communications and interactions. But there are very few findings on music therapy for adults with autism. After reviewing this literature, we will present the aims and modalities of functioning of a therapeutic workshop based on music mediation for a group of adult musicians with Asperger syndrome, and the methodology (pre-test – 12 months of music therapy sessions – post-test) aimed at evaluating the effects of these sessions on their life in general, and more particularly their mood, communication and socio-emotional interactions, their sensoriality and their executive functions. Finally, we present some of the findings of the pre-test, and some encouraging qualitative observations concerning the justification for this therapeutic approach in the case of adult musicians with autism.