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Since Bakunin, anarchists have seen religion as alienating, as a tradition associated with values imposed by institutions such as churches. But to the well-known rallying cry of the anarchists “Neither God nor Master,” very diverse Christian authors, such as Leo Tolstoy, the young Paul Claudel, or Jacques Ellul, have presented an opposing, more subversive understanding of the Christian faith, which borrows in many ways from anarchism.