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In Brazil, nearly 20% of the population belongs to the evangelical movement. The expansions of evangelical churches throughout the territory now threaten the power of the Catholic Church. Beyond its mystical and symbolical aspects, religion materializes its presence in space with a strategy for expansion, a vision of the spatial organization. The centralized organization of the Catholic Church, with an exhaustive surveillance of the territory, must be confronted to the flexibility of the Evangelical churches, independent, offering subsidiaries on the entire territory. A comparison of these two movements, and mostly of the various forms of territorial occupation adoptedby the Catholic Church and the Evangelical churches, can explain, in great part, the actual success of the Evangelical churches and also the impressive loss of ground of the Catholic Church.