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Since the first aliya in 1881-1882, over three million of Jews joined the Yishuv, the settlement, and then the sovereign State of Israel. But the Jewish immigration towards the biblical space of Eretz Israel is not limited to a demographic or social phenomenon as it is, even more, the central feature of the Jewish nation construction project, sionism. So much so that astronomical budgets and diplomatic positions have always been sacrificed to the aliya, including when the newcomers, the olim, were no longer reflecting the idealized figure of the early times of sionism: Ashkenazi, secular and labor. Two massive aliyot contributed to push the Israeli political cursor to the right: the Moroccans – very conservative, they were not well accepted by the Ashkenazi elite – and the anticommunist Russians. Soon, the positive net migration added to a strong birth rate will propel Israel as the worldwide home of the absolute majority of Jews.