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The Head of the Mission for the Reduction of Risks of MDM in Kabul, Olivier Maguet, decrypts the Afghan case proposing an insightful analysis, a key to understanding, and some clues for reflection. In a delegitimized state, corrupted at the highest level by the drug traffic, and a legal economy relying only on international assistance, and an illegal but real economy of drugs cuts off any possibility of reconstruction, peace, and development. For him and his team in Kabul, the reduction of risks is more than just a medical, psychological, and social approach, conscious of the respect for human rights but is, broadly speaking, a kind of Trojan horse, which makes it possible to shake up the categories of debate on issues of anti-drug fight and “global reduction of risks.”