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The quest for transcendence that governs transhumanist aspirations takes place on the level of the promise but is always linked to the reality of technological innovations. It is therefore grounded in a horizon of expectations in tension between an “already” that is also a “not yet” characteristic of eschatological discourse. Claims to transcendence made by the sciences and by technologies enable us to undertake a sociological analysis of the relationship between science and religiosity in transhumanism. The goal of this article is to explore the capacity of technoscientific activity to produce beliefs in order to analyse the nature of the belief system which provides a context for transhumanism.