38

Starting from the observation that transparency is spread in different sectors, often disconnected from each others(access to documents, readability of procedures, fight against financial fraud, reforms of the civil service, interest groups...), this article shows how the various measures taken are articulated in a coherent whole. It reconstructs the way in which institutional, political and social actors have invested transparency. It shows how the promotion of transparency within the EU has accompanied and shaped the realization of a so-called democratic “good governance” in which election is relegated to the background in favor of generalized surveillance where citizens only play a minor role.