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All policies now affirm it: the ecological transition will not take place without the citizens. However, this institutionalization of citizen participation in environmental public action is deceptive: it aims less at strengthening environmental democracy than at governing the ecological transition through the empowerment and mobilization of eco-citizens. Citizen participation follows a trajectory of depoliticization, it is being disseminated above all as an instrument of the “mobilizing State”. It then changes its logic: it is no longer a question of participating in the discussion of the principles of action, but of participating in the execution of public action.