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Neuropsychology and the cognitive neurosciences put forward a plural vision of memory, formed of several systems operating interactively. These modern ideas integrate the links between consciousness and the emotions, as well as the relationships between memory and identity or again individual memory and collective memory. They also seek to give an ac-count of the evolution of memory traces over a period of time and allow for dialogue with other disciplines, putting emphasis on the subjective dimension of cognition in all its complexity. This situation encourages us to revisit certain boundary concepts and opens up the possibility of a clinical practice which integrates the neuropsychological and psychodynamic approaches.