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With references to research and action research carried out over many years involving descendants of Nazi torturers and Holocaust survivors, the author, co-founder of PRIME (Peace Research Institute for the Middle East), analyzes the psychological processes that feed and perpetuate intercommunity conflicts from generation to generation, particularly the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Various actions carried out in this perspective illustrate the possibility of making these conflicts evolve through dialogue and by lifting the silence on past trauma, and of deconstructing monolithic identities founded on the negation of the Other and the division of the world into good and bad, victims and tormenters.