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This article draws on the clinical analysis of an institutional situation in the light of which the author shows the originary link between identity and the judgement of attribution. He contrasts the work of identification with the construction of identity in formal logic. He reveals the links between identity and truth and shows how the affirmation of identity not only tends towards a tautology whose aim is to erase psychic conflictuality but also has a function of psychic delimitation. According to the author, this tautology, reveals the silent persistence of perceptual identity in the subjects’ relation with the other and with more than one other. On the basis of these hypotheses, the author reexamines the clinical material of two of Lacan’s texts : the intrusion complex and the mirror stage. He shows how the intruder has a structuring function by permitting the subject to direct his/her drives at him, in particular the avatars of the death drive, and to metabolise them in a relation to the Other and more than one other. The failure of this work leads borderline subjects into a process of generalised vengeance.