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The “linguistic turn” (from Russell through the Tractatus to Carnap) was a philosophical movement that sought to dissolve metaphysical questions by analyzing the conditions of an ideal language. It was one of two branches of a broader “transcendental turn” in philosophy at the beginning of the 20th century. To this movement, the author opposes his own approach: an “anthropological turn of ontology”, which consists in solving ontological issues on the basis of the dialogical universal features embedded in every language: speaking about the world implies the distinction between what we speak about, what we say about it, and those who speak about it (or to whom they speak). This results in some ontological commitments: distinguishing between things, events and persons.