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Ch. Duquoc criticizes messianism as an imaginary utopia which risks becoming the source of new violence in history. Such an interpretation assumes that the title “Christ” no longer has the same meaning as the title “Messiah”; for that would signify a break between the messianic acts and practices of Jesus before Easter and his destiny after the Resurrection, and would make constructive dialogue with Judaism difficult. It reduces messianism to its political or utopian dimension at the expense of its original meaning which precisely challenges the violence of history: the redemption of the history of suffering (W. Benjamin) and the salvation of what was lost (going beyond the denunciation of violence by R. Girard). “God’s discretion” in history is linked to his revelation as the fulfilment of messianic promise and trinitarian communion.