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Space holds an important place in the history of olfactory culture and is a recurring theme in recent developments in olfactory art. With the advent of olfactory studies, a veritable laboratory for interdisciplinary approaches, olfactory art has thus found in the imaginary world of space exploration a privileged site for developing a fruitful dialogue with the sciences and for offering the public a formative experience. Rooted in the ancient tradition of using the sense of smell for chemical analysis, a variety of olfactory experiences combining art and scientific mediation offer a new, sensory approach to the adventure of space. Since the vacuum of space precludes breathing—and therefore olfaction—the interest aroused by these olfactory experiences and their multiplication seems paradoxical, and prompts reflection on the specific role olfaction plays in our knowledge, understanding, and experience of space.