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To escape the deportation that threatened all Jews in Europe during the Second World War, a certain number of children had to live in hiding in order to survive. Those children were exposed to loss, deprivation, and a great deal of fear. Attacks to filiation and affiliation relationships were at the heart of the “hidden” children’s trauma and they had psychological repercussions on their individual development. Most of them experienced affiliation disturbances, always looking to belong to a group. These “hidden children” were de-cultured and tried to become part of a group with the aim to recreate a cultural envelope, which broke because of their hiding. At the same time, many of them did not reveal their identity until the belated collective acknowledgement of their suffering, in 1991.