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Contemporary ways of “building a family” resulting from progress in Medically Assisted Reproduction (mar) lead to a re-consideration of filiation in its legal and psychological dimensions. This literature review seeks to question the paradox of the maternal link brought about by pregnancies obtained by oocyte donation and surrogacy. In such cases, this bond is based either on the event of labour during childbirth or by the biological reality of the genetic heritage being handed down. While from a legal perspective the issue is to decide which prevails in terms of filiation, our clinical concern leads us to investigate how mothers and children can establish their own psychical filiation according to those different links.