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The Culture of Control presents an historical study about the social, penal and political changes and adaptations that have occurred over the last thirty years (from the 1960s to the 1990s) that I have called “the late modernity.” The causes of these transformations are in underlying structural forces (the coming of late modernity, free-market, conservatives politics,etc.) that have given the reconfiguration of penal justice, from welfare to a most punitive type, but also social and behavioural changes. So, the developed countries’ governments, with their public opinion support, developed punitive penal politics, like the USA and the UK, whereas their societies develop a “crime complex.”