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This article revisits the first attempts, at the end of the 20th century, to implement the crime of ecocide in international law. It then highlights the growing mobilization of civil society around the concept over the last ten years, focusing on the numerous strategies put in place to advocate for its implementation. For example, the International Monsanto Tribunal is introduced as an intermediary between civil society and official institutions. Its influence on States and on the international community is assessed, in conjunction with other civil society initiatives. The study highlights Belgium’s, France’s, and Switzerland’s positions on the issue of the criminalisation of ecocide, through an analysis of their support for its inclusion in the Rome Statute and in their own legal order.