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Cet article présente un tableau de l’archéologie rurale romaine dans les Pays-Bas depuis 1900. Il vise à illustrer les recherches de terrain (stratégies, objectifs, institutions, échelle) ainsi que les débats intellectuels et les thèmes de recherches sur les installations rurales. Ainsi le rapprochement de l’archéologie rurale et de l’archéologie militaire du limes dans les Pays-Bas a permis de comprendre la spécificité de la romanisation des habitats ruraux proches du limes.

The archaeology of Roman period rural settlements in the Netherlands. Review of one hundred years of researchIn this article, we present a picture of the development of the archaeology of Roman rural settlements in the Netherlands, from 1900 until today. The article aims to present the developments in the fieldwork (strategies, aims of research, institutions, scale) as well as the intellectual debates and topics of research concerning settlement archaeology in three periods. We will argue that the integration of the rural settlement archaeology and the military limes-archaeology in the Netherlands has led to the insight that the position of the settlements in a frontier zone of the Roman empire close to the limes caused a Romanizationprocess with its own specific properties.