From Darwinian competition to Kropotkinian cooperation

Jouventin, Pierre

From Darwinian competition to Kropotkinian cooperation - 2022.


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After reading Malthus, Darwin became aware that the driving force of species evolution was natural selection. Many a theorist then instrumentalized that competition. Marx and Engels welcomed a natural explanation for “Creation”, while criticizing Darwin and “The Struggle for Life”. Kropotkin, also a Communist, proposed that mutual assistance was the second driving force of social evolution. Cooperation has now become fashionable, but the Left struggles with endorsing the genetics of behaviour.

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