La démocratie russe : de la spontanéité à l'improvisation ?
Salmine, Alexeï
La démocratie russe : de la spontanéité à l'improvisation ? - 2008.
98
RésuméDe 1991 à 1996, émerge en Russie un régime de « démocratie immature » ou d’« infra-démocratie », fondé sur des institutions nouvelles. Auprès de ces dernières en subsistent d’autres, qui n’ont connu que des changements mineurs, ou se sont recomposées sur des logiques étrangères aux réformes des années 1990. Le régime actuel se caractérise par des institutions de transition, remplissant des espaces sociopolitiques vacants : la vraie lacune de la société russe, c’est l’absence de pouvoir consolidé. This article examines the transformations which followed the collapse of the Soviet Union. The author analyses the functioning of institutions and new developments within Russia (the issues of alternative elections, separation of powers, decentralization, and “pluralist” media). He at the same time looks at the transformations which the old institutions have undergone (the institutions of the army, the security services, the judiciary, education and research). He also considers new phenomenons specific to a highly bureaucratized Russian market economy (the “oligarchs”, the “clans”, the “teams”, “privatized” state areas of action and structures). According to the author, the Russian regime distinguishes itself from that of developed democracies not only through the existence of “superfluous elements”, but also through the presence of “institutional gaps” which exist between the State and society as a result of the latter’s inability to organise itself politically and defend its interests.
La démocratie russe : de la spontanéité à l'improvisation ? - 2008.
98
RésuméDe 1991 à 1996, émerge en Russie un régime de « démocratie immature » ou d’« infra-démocratie », fondé sur des institutions nouvelles. Auprès de ces dernières en subsistent d’autres, qui n’ont connu que des changements mineurs, ou se sont recomposées sur des logiques étrangères aux réformes des années 1990. Le régime actuel se caractérise par des institutions de transition, remplissant des espaces sociopolitiques vacants : la vraie lacune de la société russe, c’est l’absence de pouvoir consolidé. This article examines the transformations which followed the collapse of the Soviet Union. The author analyses the functioning of institutions and new developments within Russia (the issues of alternative elections, separation of powers, decentralization, and “pluralist” media). He at the same time looks at the transformations which the old institutions have undergone (the institutions of the army, the security services, the judiciary, education and research). He also considers new phenomenons specific to a highly bureaucratized Russian market economy (the “oligarchs”, the “clans”, the “teams”, “privatized” state areas of action and structures). According to the author, the Russian regime distinguishes itself from that of developed democracies not only through the existence of “superfluous elements”, but also through the presence of “institutional gaps” which exist between the State and society as a result of the latter’s inability to organise itself politically and defend its interests.
Réseaux sociaux