De l’univocité du principe de différence de Rawls (notice n° 1027641)
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| fixed length control field | 03484cam a2200241 4500500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20250125171629.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Boyer, Alain |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | De l’univocité du principe de différence de Rawls |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2022.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 9 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Entre les états (2, 3) et (2, 4), le Principe de Différence (PD) choisit-t-il le premier, le second, ou est-il indifférent ? Cette dernière interprétation est confortée par le choix par Rawls des courbes en L pour illustrer le PD (Rawls 1999 [1971], § 13, fig. 5), formellement analogue au Maximin en théorie de la décision, et qui admettrait des courbes d’indifférence ; une fois le plus mal loti maximisé, on est indifférent entre les états des mieux lotis ; le Leximin enjoint lui de choisir le second état, puisqu’il réitère le PD sur le dernier plus mal loti. La plupart des commentateurs choisissent le Leximin ; or ce principe est inégalitaire, car il peut laisser s’enrichir les riches alors que les pauvres stagnent. Le PD sélectionne en fait le premier état. Si l’on peut passer du premier état au second, on doit pouvoir passer du premier à un état (2+n, 3-n). Le PD est univoque, différent du Maximin et du Leximin, qui peut favoriser des sociétés duales, où seuls les riches s’enrichissent. On n’a pu généraliser le résultat à plus de deux classes, même en tenant compte de la « connexion en chaîne », laquelle exprime l’idée fondamentale de Rawls : la solidarité via la coopération. Code JEL : I13. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Between (2,3) and (2,4), does the Difference Principle (DP) select the first one, the second one, or is it indifferent ? That last interpretation is confirmed by Rawls’s use of the curve of the perfectly complementary goods. It admits curves of indifference. Once the worst off is maximized, one is indifferent between all the corresponding states. Leximin selects the second state: it iterates the Maximin on the “last” worst off. Sure, Leximin prefers (2, 10) to (2,3), and there is an intuitive point according which it is unjust that only the richest win anything; it cannot be called a “just” improvement, even if is a Pareto-improvement. In a co-operation, the poorest would be a “sucker”. My proposal is that an improvement can be called “just” iff it improves the situation of all (strong Pareto-improvements). Rawls (1999 [1971], § 17) noticed that if it is possible to go from (2,3) to (2,4), it is “surely” possible to go from (2,3) to (2+n, 4-n’), an improvement implied by Maximin, which is only the lexically first rule of justice of DP, to which one adds the secondary rule “Minimize inequality”. The curves in L are the curves of Maximin: DP has no indifference curves. There is an absence of ambiguity in DP. We are unable to generalize its univocity. Our intuitions on justice amid intermediate classes are vague. A component of justice is the solidarity of all. Nobody should stay alone in the same situation while only the situation of others improves. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Maximin |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Principe de différence |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Leximin |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Maximin |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Difference Principle |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Leximin |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue de philosophie économique | 22 | 2 | 2022-12-09 | p. 125-148 | 1376-0971 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-de-philosophie-economique-2021-2-page-125?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-de-philosophie-economique-2021-2-page-125?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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