Le Havre, le contrôle sanitaire maritime et le problème méditerranéen, années 1750-1780 (notice n° 1047476)
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| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Rioult, Claire |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Le Havre, le contrôle sanitaire maritime et le problème méditerranéen, années 1750-1780 |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2019.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 37 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Le 14 octobre 1762, un arrêt du Conseil d’État entend définitivement clore une longue bataille sanitaire et économique opposant, depuis le xviie siècle, les ports provençaux et languedociens du royaume et rendue d’autant plus aiguë par le souvenir de la dernière grande peste de 1720 en Provence. Marseille apparaît alors renforcée par cette décision royale qui réitère l’obligation pour tout navire en provenance d’Orient ou d’Afrique du Nord de transiter par la cité phocéenne. Loin de marquer une étape finale, l’arrêt de 1762 constitue en réalité le point de départ d’une âpre contestation des élites normandes du port du Havre, qui se voient pénalisées par un monopole marseillais qui in fine les priverait de tout commerce méditerranéen. Cette contestation menée tant par les autorités municipales que provinciales auprès de Versailles n’obtient jamais entièrement gain de cause et se traduit donc par un échec théorique de ces revendications. Pourtant, en dépassant cette première apparence et en analysant les dynamiques qui ont en pratique permis au Havre d’activement contourner ce carcan juridique, la question quarantenaire dans la Manche dans la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle démontre avec acuité les relations d’opposition et de négociation entre échelons politiques du royaume, les éléments de concurrence et de hiérarchie portuaire entre Méditerranée et Ponant, et jette un nouveau regard sur un aspect méconnu de la construction d’une politique sanitaire d’État à la fin de l’époque moderne. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | On 14 October 1762, a decision taken by the State Council was expected to put an end to a decades-long sanitary and economic struggle between French Mediterranean ports while the memory of the last great plague outbreak of 1720 in Provence remained vivid. At the time, Marseille seemed considerably reinforced by the royal decision that obliged every person and good from the Levant and North Africa to stop for quarantine checks in the Phocaean city. In fact, the 1762 royal decision marked the beginning of a fierce dispute led by the Norman elites of Le Havre against a Marseille’s monopoly that could eventually deprive them of any trade with the Mediterranean in the context of renewed corsair activity around Gibraltar. Encouraged by local and provincial authorities alike, these protests never managed to win Versailles’ support and ultimately failed to overrule the decision acted in 1762. Beyond this initial assessment, the close analysis of the power dynamics at work reveals how the Norman seaports actively circumvented the legal constraints. The quarantine issue at Le Havre in the second half of the eighteenth century neatly demonstrates relationships made of negotiation and opposition between the multiple political and administrative powers in the kingdom and the strong competition between Mediterranean and Atlantic ports to establish a maritime hierarchy. Ultimately, the study of Le Havre’s “Marseille issue” sheds new light on a neglected aspect of the modern state’s construction in the last years of the Ancien Regime. |
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| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | siècle |
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| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | e |
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| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | xviii |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | quarantaine |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Le Havre |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Manche |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | administration ◼ |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Marseille |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | century |
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| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Government |
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| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | 18 |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Le Havre |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | the Channel |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Maritime quarantine |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | th |
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| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Marseille |
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| Note | Revue d’histoire moderne & contemporaine | 66-4 | 4 | 2019-11-15 | p. 7-31 | 0048-8003 |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2019-4-page-7?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2019-4-page-7?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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