The Rise of Alternative Schools and Their Impact on Educational Approaches: Exploring Cooperation (notice n° 1574908)
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| fixed length control field | 03695cam a2200169 4500500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20251214031429.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Connac, Sylvain |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | The Rise of Alternative Schools and Their Impact on Educational Approaches: Exploring Cooperation |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2025.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 14 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Introduction The French Law No. 2021-1017 of August 2, 2021, on bioethics, now authorizes unmarried women to use medically assisted reproduction (MAR) to become mothers, within the framework of chosen single parenthood. This measure broadens the scope of medicine, which no longer only serves to compensate for natural inequalities but also takes individual aspirations and freedoms into account. Objectives and methods A clinical reflection led by Mylène Bapst, a psychologist at the CECOS (Center for the Study and Conservation of Human Eggs and Sperm) in Strasbourg (January 2022–June 2023), initiated our narrative literature review, inspired by the research strategies used for systematic reviews. Our objective is to explore the effects of MAR requests by unmarried women—particularly those with no history of sexual intercourse—on professional practices. Our methodology synthesizes national and international scientific publications, enriching current reflections on this recent extension of reproductive rights in France. Nevertheless, certain relevant articles using different terminology or indirectly addressing our topic may have escaped our keyword searches. Results The results reveal, on the one hand, a growing trend in MAR requests by unmarried women following the extension of the law. These findings raise a number of debated issues, such as the absence of a father, the separation between sexuality and procreation, and the psychological implications of using medicine to fulfill a desire for motherhood. On the other hand, MAR professionals face ethical and moral dilemmas, changes in their functions and role, and a loss of meaning in their profession. Tensions between patients’ autonomy to pursue their reproductive desires and doctors’ autonomy to accept or reject these requests are raised, confronting MAR professionals with their own representations, personal values, and perceptions of the parental capabilities of their patients. Discussion In this contribution, we analyze the multidimensional implications of the legal extension of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) to unmarried women in France. We examine the ambiguous legal status of the “unmarried woman” and its legal and psychological consequences; the tension between the desire for a child and the right to a child; the potential risk of making the child an exclusively maternal object of jouissance; and the ethical dilemmas faced by MAR professionals, whose personal values inevitably influence clinical decisions. Conclusion This narrative review, informed by systematic review methods, seeks to delineate this new field of research around an emerging issue. Our findings indicate that professionals are questioning the legitimacy of medical intervention in non-medical requests. Nevertheless, the scientific literature currently lacks data on the effects of new MAR requests by unmarried women—sometimes with no prior sexual experience—on professional practice. Thus, further research could clarify the nature of these requests and how they influence professional practices. It could also contribute to broader social debates. |
| 700 10 - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Lescouarch, Laurent |
| Relator term | author |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Phronesis | 14 | 5 | 2025-10-13 | p. 13-17 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/journal-phronesis-2025-5-page-13?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/journal-phronesis-2025-5-page-13?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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