Lex necessitatis vel contingentiae (notice n° 1582761)
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| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
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| Authentication code | dc |
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| Personal name | Porro, Pasquale |
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| Title | Lex necessitatis vel contingentiae |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2012.<br/> |
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| General note | 96 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Lex necessitatis vel contingentiaeCet article se propose de reconsidérer de manière critique deux présupposés spécifiques à l’interprétation gilsonienne de Thomas d’Aquin : (i) le fait que, dans l’univers thomasien, tous les étants différents de Dieu soient marqués par une « contingence radicale » ; (ii) l’idée qu’en dernière analyse cette contingence est fondée sur la distinction entre être et essence – et, plus généralement, (iii) la conviction que la conception thomiste de la providence se présente comme une alternative radicale au déterminisme et au nécessitarisme de la tradition gréco-arabe.À cette fin, nous examinerons successivement les points suivants : les significations les plus communes que Thomas confère aux notions de nécessité et de contingence ; le rapport entre fortune, sort et providence ; la réfutation conditionnée du déterminisme astral ; le mode sur lequel la providence dispose les événements nécessaires aussi bien que les événements contingents ; les réactions opposées de Siger de Brabant et de Jean Duns Scot au modèle par lequel Thomas tente de sauver la contingence au sein de l’ordre providentiel ; l’affirmation par Thomas de l’existence de créatures formellement nécessaires. En conclusion, on suggère que Thomas affaiblit certains présupposés fondamentaux de la stratégie anti-déterministe mise en œuvre par Aristote dans le livre VI de la Métaphysique, que l’alternative entre nécessité et contingence ne représente pas chez Thomas le véritable départ entre le créateur et la créature, et que, pour cette raison, la distinction entre être et essence n’a pas pour premier et principal objectif de rendre compte de la contingence de tous les étants créés. |
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| Summary, etc. | Lex necessitatis vel contingentiae. Necessity, contingency and providence in Thomas Aquinas’ universeThe following article aims to reconsider, in a critical manner, two specific presuppositions of the Gilsonian interpretation of Thomas Aquinas : 1) the fact that in Aquinas’ metaphysics all beings different from God are marked by a « radical contingency » ; 2) the idea that this contingency is based on the distinction between being and essence ; and, more generally, 3) the conviction that Aquinas’ conception of providence represents a radical alternative to determinism and necessitarianism in the Graeco-Arabic tradition.To this end, we shall examine, in a sequence, the following points : the most common meanings that Aquinas confers upon the notions of necessity and contingency ; the relationship between fortune, chance and providence ; the conditioned rebuttal of astral determinism ; the way in which Divine providence arranges necessary events as well as contingent ones ; the contrasting reactions of Siger of Brabant and John Duns Scotus to the model with which Aquinas attempts to safeguard contingency in the providential order ; Aquinas’ admission of the existence of formally necessary creatures. In conclusion, we suggest that Aquinas weakens certain fundamental presuppositions of the anti-deterministic strategy laid out by Aristotle in Book VI of Metaphysics, that the alternative between necessity and contingency does not represent for Aquinas the genuine point of discrimination between Creator and creature, and that, for this reason, the distinction between being and essence, according to Aquinas, does not, as its primary and principal objective, have to account for the contingency of all created beings. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | contingence |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | déterminisme |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Étienne Gilson |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | être et essence |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | fortune |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | nécessité |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | providence |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Siger de Brabant |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sort |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Thomas d'Aquin |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | being and essence |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | chance |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | contingency |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | determinism |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Étienne Gilson |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | fortune |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | necessity |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | providence |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Siger of Brabant |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Thomas Aquinas |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques | 96 | 3 | 2012-11-01 | p. 401-450 | 0035-2209 |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-des-sciences-philosophiques-et-theologiques-2012-3-page-401?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-des-sciences-philosophiques-et-theologiques-2012-3-page-401?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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