Les études décoloniales face à la raison empirique : l’obsession épistémologique (notice n° 1646619)
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| fixed length control field | 05486cam a2200433 4500500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20260208002505.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Olivier de Sardan, Jean-Pierre |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Les études décoloniales face à la raison empirique : l’obsession épistémologique |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2026.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 34 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Cet article est consacré au débat épistémologique qui a été lancé par les études décoloniales et qui est au centre de leur perspective. Après un rappel de l’histoire et des principaux fondements théoriques des études décoloniales, ainsi que de leur rapport avec les études postcoloniales, nous analyserons la critique décoloniale d’une épistémologie du Nord datant du xviiie siècle qui serait toujours unique et dominante : elle ignore les profondes transformations des sciences sociales, et en particulier l’émergence de la raison empirique au xxe siècle, qui a, pour l’essentiel, rompu avec le positivisme (tournant interprétatif), avec l’évolutionnisme social (relativisme culturel), et avec le développementalisme (échec de l’industrie occidentale du développement). Elle ignore aussi l’importance des critiques de la colonisation et de l’eurocentrisme au sein des sciences sociales, en particulier par l’anthropologie. Certes, l’idéologie occidentalo-centriste existe encore, et alimente diverses formes de racisme ou de mépris, mais il ne faut pas la confondre avec l’épistémologie ou les sciences sociales. La deuxième partie sera centrée sur l’« épistémologie du point de vue », empruntée aux études féministes, qui accorde aux positionnalités identitaires issues des groupes subordonnés et stigmatisés un « privilège épistémique ». Si ces positionnalités sont à prendre en compte, on ne doit pas oublier les positionnalités scientifiques construites (épistémologie, méthodologie, options politiques, thèmes de recherche) qui jouent un rôle majeur, dont l’anthropologie fournit de nombreux exemples. En contrepoint, la troisième section portera sur les nombreuses asymétries qui caractérisent encore les relations entre chercheurs au Sud et chercheurs au Nord au détriment des premiers. Leurs fondements sont historiques, politiques, éducatifs, économiques, sociaux, institutionnels, et non pas « épistémologiques ». Soutenir l’autonomie conceptuelle, programmatique et financière des unités de recherche du Sud, en particulier en Afrique, est indispensable. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | This article considers the epistemological debate launched by decolonial studies, that is central to their perspective. After a review of the history and main theoretical foundations of decolonial studies, and their relationship with postcolonial studies, the first part analyses the decolonial critique of eighteenth-century epistemology of the North that appears to still be unique and dominant. The article shows that this critique overlooks the profound transformations in the social sciences, and particulary the emergence of the empirical reason in the twentieth century, which essentially broke away from positivism (the interpretative turn), social evolutionism (cultural relativism), and developmentalism (failure of the Western development industry). It similary overlooks the importance of critiques of colonization and Eurocentrism within the social sciences, particulary anthropology. While Western-centric ideology does of course still exists, fuelling various forms of racism and contempt, it should not be confused with epistemology or the social sciences. The second part focuses on « standpoint epistemology », borrowed from feminist studies, which grants « epistemic privilege » to identity-based positionalities stemming from subordinated and stigmatized group. While these positionalities must be taken into account, we must not forget the agency of researchers themselves, and the constructed scientific positionalities (concerning epistemology, methodology, political options and research themes) that play a major role, of which anthropology provides numerous examples. In counterpoint, the third section focuses on the many asymmetries that still characterize relations between researchers in the South and researchers in the North, to the detriment of the former. These asymmetries are historical, political, educational, economic, social and institutional, and it is essential to support conceptual, programmatic and financial autonomy for research units in the South, particularly in Africa, but it is not a matter of « epistemological revolution ». |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | anthropologie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | colonialité |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | empirisme |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | épistémologie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | études décoloniales |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | eurocentrisme |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | idéologie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | positivisme |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | postcolonialisme |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sciences sociales |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | théorie du point de vue |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | anthropology |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | coloniality |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | decolonial studies |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | empiricism |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | epistemology |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | eurocentrism |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | ideology |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | positivism |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | postcolonialism |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | social sciences |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | stand point theory |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | L'Homme | 255-256 | 3-4 | 2026-01-27 | p. 191-238 | 0439-4216 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-l-homme-2025-3-page-191?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-l-homme-2025-3-page-191?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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