La méritocratie « à la chinoise » : le Gaokao, concours d’entrée dans l’enseignement supérieur (notice n° 312252)
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| fixed length control field | 03055cam a2200349 4500500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20250117232335.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Li, Siyu |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | La méritocratie « à la chinoise » : le Gaokao, concours d’entrée dans l’enseignement supérieur |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2020.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 41 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | En 2019, plus de dix millions de lycéens ont participé au Gaokao, le « Concours national et unifié d’entrée dans l’enseignement supérieur » en Chine. À l’issue de ce concours, en fonction de leur classement, les jeunes Chinois sont répartis dans des universités de prestige très différent. On dit de ce concours qu’il « décide de la vie de chacun ». Comment les paramètres du concours fondent-ils la justice sociale qu’il est censé assurer ? À partir d’enquêtes ethnographiques et d’entretiens au sein de deux lycées à Pékin, cet article défend la thèse selon laquelle le Gaokao incarne une idéologie méritocratique qui veut que chacun formule des attentes en proportion des efforts qu’il est prêt à fournir. Les inégalités du système scolaire, qu’elles relèvent des conditions matérielles ou symboliques offertes par chaque établissement secondaire, selon son statut, exercent un impact direct sur la motivation et la capacité de travail des élèves, et in fine sur leurs performances au concours. Elles délimitent les contours imaginaires du futur possible pour les élèves et reproduisent les inégalités sociales. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | In 2019, more than ten millions of students participated in the Gaokao, the Chinese national college entrance examination, making it the largest high-stakes selective test in the world in terms of the number of participants. The place they obtained in a ranking of their scores decides which university they would enter and determine their future. What parameters assure that this selective test, as it measures and sorts students, also ensures social justice? This is the question this article seeks to answer, through analysis of data drawn from 12 months of ethnographic work and interviews in two high schools with different academic performance levels in Beijing. We argue that the Gaokao embodies the ideology of meritocracy, where each student’s educational aspiration is in proportion with his efforts. As a result, the selective test reproduces social inequalities by shaping students’ imagination of future. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Méritocratie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Lycée |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Sélection |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Hiérarchie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Chine |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Concours |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Gaokao |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Selective exam |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | High School |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Hierarchy |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Meritocracy |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | China |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Inequality |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Gaokao |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Selection |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | L'Année sociologique | 70 | 2 | 2020-07-16 | p. 469-494 | 0066-2399 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-l-annee-sociologique-2020-2-page-469?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-l-annee-sociologique-2020-2-page-469?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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