Financing Innovation: A Historical Approach (notice n° 502540)
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| fixed length control field | 01708cam a2200241 4500500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20250121083135.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Matouk, Jean |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Financing Innovation: A Historical Approach |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2011.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 61 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Two eras can be distinguished in the history of innovation: the era of the inventor, and the era of the researcher, even if the two overlap partially. During the first era, R&D was somewhat reactive, as the inventor imagined solutions to technical problems, especially in manufacturing (textiles, steel, steam, and railroads). In the second era, R&D is somewhat proactive since it increasingly aims to find new products able to generate revenues. Types of financing also changed between the two eras. During the first era, own savings, family savings and help from friends were the only ways of financing innovation. In the second era, large firms’ self-financing and more recently risk-capital have become more important. Although the share of R&D spending in GDP is closely correlated with private financing (that is, countries where public financing dominates are less innovative), it is expected that public efforts in this direction will increase in the future. JEL Codes: N20, O14, O31 |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | private equity |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | “reactive innovation” |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | research |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | self-financed innovation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | R&D |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | innovation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | “pro-active innovation” |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Innovations | o 34 | 1 | 2011-02-25 | p. 123-138 | 1267-4982 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/journal-innovations-2011-1-page-123?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/journal-innovations-2011-1-page-123?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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