The Biological Bias of Comte’s Sociology: The Issue of Sexual Equality (notice n° 563563)
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| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Guillin, Vincent |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | The Biological Bias of Comte’s Sociology: The Issue of Sexual Equality |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2012.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 34 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | À ceux qui ont pu s’étonner de l’estimation globalement positive de la phrénologie par Auguste Comte, les historiens et les philosophes des sciences ont pu opposer des arguments épistémologiques et méthodologiques convaincants, qui permettent de rendre raison de l’engouement comtien pour une entreprise souvent considérée aujourd’hui comme irrémédiablement pseudo-scientifique. Pourtant, il existe d’autres motivations, de nature politique ou – comme Comte le dirait lui-même – sociologique, qui nous paraissent pouvoir expliquer cet engouement mais qui n’ont pas jusqu’ici reçu la même attention. En effet, la « physiologie phrénologique » fournit à l’édifice comtien la base d’une authentique « théorie de la nature humaine » à partir de laquelle penser l’organisation ou la réorganisation des sociétés occidentales. Ce rôle crucial dévolu à la phrénologie n’est quant à lui que l’illustration d’une spécificité encore plus générale du système comtien, à savoir le rapport privilégié, dans l’ordre de la connaissance, qui unit sociologie et biologie. Or, pour bien saisir toute la difficulté du problème du rapport biologie/sociologie chez Comte, il est éclairant de considérer la manière dont il s’articule dans le cas précis de la question de l’égalité des sexes. Ce que nous aimerions mettre en évidence, en nous appuyant plus particulièrement sur la correspondance de Comte et John Stuart Mill lue à la lumière du Cours de philosophie positive, c’est la manière dont la biologie, et en particulier la phrénologie, œuvre de manière souterraine au cœur même de l’argument sociologique de Comte en faveur de l’assujettissement des femmes et les conséquences potentielles de cette « contamination » biologique. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | To those who have been puzzled by the globally positive assessment Auguste Comte made of phrenology, historians and philosophers of science have responded by offering convincing epistemological and methodological arguments, which enable one to suggest a rationale for his interest in what is nowadays generally considered a hopelessly pseudo-scientific endeavor. Yet, there exist other motivations, political or – as Comte himself would put it – sociological in nature, which seem to explain this interest but which have not so far received the same share of attention. “Physiological phrenology” indeed provides Comte’s system with an original “theory of human nature” on the basis of which the organization or reorganization of Western societies is to be conceived. But this crucial role ascribed to phrenology is just an illustration of an even broader specificity of the Comtean system, namely the special relation that links biology and sociology. Now, in order to grasp the very difficulty inherent in this special relation in Comte, it is enlightening to consider the manner in which it is elaborated in the context of the issue of sexual equality. What we would like to show here, drawing more specifically on the correspondence between Auguste Comte and John Stuart Mill when it is read in conjunction with the Cours de philosophie positive, is the way biology, and more particularly phrenology, suffuses Comte’s sociological argument in favor of the subjection of women and the potential consequences of this biological “contamination”. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | John Stuart Mill |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Auguste Comte |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | biologie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | phrénologie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sociologie |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | égalité des sexes |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | John Stuart Mill |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Auguste Comte |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sociology |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | phrenology |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | biology |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sexual equality |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue d’histoire des sciences | Volume 65 | 2 | 2012-12-01 | p. 259-285 | 0151-4105 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-d-histoire-des-sciences-2012-2-page-259?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-d-histoire-des-sciences-2012-2-page-259?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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