Georges Canguilhem and the “problem of evolution” in Le Normal et le pathologique (notice n° 563859)
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| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Méthot, Pierre-Olivier |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Georges Canguilhem and the “problem of evolution” in Le Normal et le pathologique |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2018.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 33 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | This article explores the place of evolutionary theory in Canguilhem’s Essay on some problems concerning the normal and the pathological. After emphasizing the importance of biological thought in his work and after considering his early “evolutionary studies,” this article focuses on “the problem of evolution” in a course Canguilhem taught in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Strasbourg in 1942-43. I argue that he was less concerned with the question of the heredity of acquired traits than with demonstrating the role of mutation in the origin of species. Indeed, if a mutation is not de facto lethal or sub-pathological, a claim made by most “fixist” (creationist) biologists, but capable of giving birth to new forms of life, it is proof that the “anomaly” should not to be considered as pathological from the outset. Canguilhem believes, however, that mutationism alone fails to account for the “adaptive orientation” of living beings in history, which leads to his resorting to the Darwinian principle of natural selection to explain adaptation. But, often portrayed as a conservative process of the “average type” in a population, natural selection also seems inadequate to explain new phenomena in biology. In order to get around this problem, Canguilhem borrows from zoologist Georges Teissier the idea that selection can be “creative” when external conditions change and, building on the latter’s work, argues that a fundamental characteristic of organisms is that they are never indifferent to their environments. In short, Canguilhem has found in evolutionary theory in general the foundation of “vital normativity,” that is, the starting point of his biological philosophy. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | mutation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | biological philosophy |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | the normal and the pathological |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Philippe L’Héritier |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Lucien Cuénot |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | evolutionary theory |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Louis Bounoure |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | natural selection |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Georges Teissier |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | adaptation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Maurice Caullery |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | value |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue d’histoire des sciences | Volume 71 | 2 | 2018-12-06 | p. 205-241 | 0151-4105 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-d-histoire-des-sciences-2018-2-page-205?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-d-histoire-des-sciences-2018-2-page-205?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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