The admiralty court and local customs. A history “from below” of a fishing community (Dieppe, eighteenth century) (notice n° 564380)
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| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20250121124944.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Grancher, Romain |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | The admiralty court and local customs. A history “from below” of a fishing community (Dieppe, eighteenth century) |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2018.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 71 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Cet article étudie l’univers normatif des acteurs d’un monde de la pêche d’Ancien Régime à partir du cas de Dieppe au xviiie siècle. La première partie présente le fonctionnement du tribunal local de l’amirauté, qui exerçait sous l’Ancien Régime une compétence exclusive sur les choses de la mer et connaissait par conséquent des litiges entre armateurs, maîtres de bateau et matelots pêcheurs. Alors que l’historiographie maritime s’est longtemps focalisée sur les fonctions de contrôle et de surveillance dévolues à cette juridiction, les archives de la pratique judiciaire révèlent un tableau plus contrasté. Dans une proportion écrasante, les affaires portées devant les officiers de l’amirauté se résument à de petits conflits résultant d’accidents de pêche, de contrats rompus ou encore de salaires non versés, relevant autrement dit d’une procédure civile. Toutefois, un examen attentif de cette poussière de litiges permet de mettre en évidence les usages sociaux de la justice faits par les plaideurs. Loin d’être simplement un instrument de contrôle du rivage et de ses populations, le tribunal de l’amirauté remplit des fonctions qui débordent largement le terrain de la seule résolution des conflits du travail pour investir ceux de la certification des contrats ou de l’expertise des dommages. La dernière partie part du problème de la pluralité des systèmes normatifs en vigueur dans les mondes de la pêche d’Ancien Régime et montre comment il est possible de considérer le tribunal d’amirauté comme l’instance de production d’un droit local « venu d’en bas ». |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | This article studies the normative universe of the actors of an Ancien Régime fishing community, through the case of eighteenth-century Dieppe. The first section presents the functioning and activity of the local admiralty court, which, during the Ancien Régime, exercised exclusive jurisdiction over maritime affairs and, as such, heard disputes between members of the fishing community, such as shipowners, masters, and seamen. Whereas French maritime historiography has for a long time focused on the supervisory and monitoring roles attributed to this jurisdiction, legal practice archives paint a different picture. The overwhelming majority of cases brought before the admiralty officers actually involved minor conflicts resulting from fishing accidents, broken contracts, or unpaid wages—in other words, civil proceedings. Nevertheless, a close examination of these disputes allows us to shed light on the social uses of justice made by the litigants. Far from simply being an instrument of control of the coastline and its population, the admiralty court fulfilled functions that largely exceeded the mere resolution of labor conflicts; they also took on the certification of contracts or the expert assessment of damages. The final part of the paper takes as a starting point the plurality of normative systems in effect in Ancien Régime fishing communities and shows how it is possible to consider the admiralty court as both a local arena in which norms were (re)negotiated by the actors themselves, and as a legal laboratory that produced a local law “from below.” |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | law |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | admiralty |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | 18th century |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Normandy |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | fishing |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | labour conflicts |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue d’histoire moderne & contemporaine | o 65-3 | 3 | 2018-10-01 | p. 33-58 | 0048-8003 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2018-3-page-33?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2018-3-page-33?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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