Law, Economics, and Discrimination (notice n° 565616)
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| control field | 20250121125548.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Charléty, Patricia |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Law, Economics, and Discrimination |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2007.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 57 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Discrimination usually carries a negative connotation. It is generally associated with injustice, which should be compensated for through greater equality or even positive action. In fact, the term “discrimination” is used in a variety of contexts, with different causes and consequences. The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on this important issue through an economic approach. We examine two fields in which discrimination is frequently observed: the market for goods and services, and the labor market. In the market for goods and services, firms often charge different prices for different groups of consumers. Prices also vary across countries, age groups, etc.... While it is true that companies benefit from this policy, it does not follow that consumers necessarily suffer from discrimination. In fact, groups who would be excluded from the market by too high a price may have a chance to purchase when the firm discriminates in their favor. These groups may well represent the less wealthy part of the population, and they may benefit, for example, when a firm allows a drug to be sold at a lower price in poorer countries. In general, the consequences for welfare of price discrimination are ambiguous since there are cases where everyone (the firm as well as all consumers) gains. Thus, economic analysis makes no decisive argument against price discrimination in the market for goods and services as discrimination may in fact contribute to a more efficient and egalitarian distribution. However, the same argument does not apply to the labor market. Here, it is important to stress that discrimination based on gender or ethnicity, which should be condemned, may in fact derive from economic rationality. For example, an employer who is planning to invest in employees' human capital may rationally favor candidates expected to stay long enough with the company. This is typically less likely to be the case for young women, who will therefore will be disadvantaged on the basis of the fact that statistically, they tend to leave more frequently (for obvious reasons). Discrimination may also result from self-fulfilling prophecies. For example, if everyone believes that women are bad drivers, women may actually refrain from driving, so that no observation will contradict the belief, which will therefore be confirmed. Similar situations may prevail in the labor market and lead to discrimination against specific minorities. In such cases, policies aiming at fighting discrimination (such as affirmative action) may well harm the segments of the population these policies intend to help. It is therefore important to understand the discriminating mechanism at play as preconceptions should not be dealt with in the same manner as the decisions of rational agents. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | price discrimination |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | economic rationality |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | employment discrimination (gender) |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | discrimination |
| 700 10 - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Contensou, François |
| Relator term | author |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue internationale de droit économique | XXI4 | 4 | 2007-11-28 | p. 389-414 | 1010-8831 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-internationale-de-droit-economique-2007-4-page-389?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/journal-revue-internationale-de-droit-economique-2007-4-page-389?lang=en&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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