Le financement de l'innovation : une approche historique (notice n° 675911)
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| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20250121201516.0 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Matouk, Jean |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Le financement de l'innovation : une approche historique |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2011.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 61 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | RésuméL’histoire de l’innovation peut être articulée en deux « ères » successives. L’ère de l’inventeur et l’ère du chercheur, qui se recouvrent cependant partiellement. Durant la première, ce que nous appelons aujourd’hui « recherche-développement » était plutôt « réactive », l’inventeur cherchant à trouver des solutions aux problèmes techniques qu’il rencontrait, ou cherchant à augmenter la vitesse d’exécution des travaux, spécialement dans l’industrie textile, ou à améliorer le produit, dans l’acier, la vapeur et les chemins de fer. Durant la seconde ère, le chercheur est plus « pro-actif » cherchant et imaginant des produits nouveaux susceptibles d’augmenter régulièrement le chiffre d’affaires. Le financement a évidemment changé entre les deux ères. Durant la première ère, c’est l’épargne personnelle, l’épargne familiale ou l’aide d’amis qui finance le plus gros des recherches. Durant la seconde ère, même si ces modes de financement n’ont pas disparu, c’est l’autofinancement des firmes, et, plus récemment, le « capital-risque » qui a dominé. Bien que, ces dernières décennies, la part des dépenses de R&D dans le PIB soit très corrélée à l’effort privé de financement- les pays où domine l’effort public sont moins « inventifs »-, on peut prévoir que l’effort public se développe dans les prochaines décennies.Codes JEL : N20, O14, O31 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Two eras can be distinguished in the history of innovation: era of inventor and era of researcher, even if they recover one another partially. During the first era R&D was rather “reactive”; the inventor imagining solutions to technical problems, especially in manufactures (textile, steam and locomotives...). During the second era, the R&D is rather “pro-active”; being initiated more and more to find new products able to generate turnover. The types of finance also changed between the two eras. During the first, own saving, family saving and help of associates were the only ways to finance innovation. In the second one, big firms’ self-financing and recently risk-capital are more important. Although the part of R&D spending in GDP is well correlated with part of them issued from firms, the part of administration will probably increase in the future with the increase of risk and the necessity of a long term view.JEL Codes: N20, O14, O31 |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | « innovation réactive » |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | innovation autofinancée |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | innovation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | R&D |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | « innovation proactive » |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | recherche |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | “pro-active innovation” |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | private equity |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | research |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | self-financed innovation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | innovation |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | “reactive innovation” |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | R&D |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Innovations | 34 | 1 | 2011-02-25 | p. 123-138 | 1267-4982 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-innovations-2011-1-page-123?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-innovations-2011-1-page-123?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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