Du danger des enquêtes savantes. Faire œuvre de science dans l’entre-deux-guerres au Bureau International du Travail (notice n° 873223)
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| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | fre |
| 042 ## - AUTHENTICATION CODE | |
| Authentication code | dc |
| 100 10 - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Dhermy-Mairal, Marine |
| Relator term | author |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Du danger des enquêtes savantes. Faire œuvre de science dans l’entre-deux-guerres au Bureau International du Travail |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2016.<br/> |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | 40 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | En 1921 éclate une controverse au conseil d’administration de l’Organisation Internationale du Travail. Portant sur les compétences du Bureau en matière d’enquêtes, elle oppose les partisans d’une étude systématique des causes des maux économiques et sociaux et de leurs remèdes, à ceux d’une simple centralisation des documents produits par les États-membres. En cause, une vaste enquête statistique menée de 1920 à 1924 par Edgard Milhaud, un professeur d’économie politique recruté par Albert Thomas : l’ Enquête sur la production. La méthodologie de l’auteur, guère plébiscitée par le milieu patronal qui souligne le manque de scientificité et d’objectivité de l’enquête, suit une conception positiviste des sciences sociales où se lit l’importance accordée à la méthode durkheimienne d’analyse des phénomènes sociaux. Les critiques à l’égard de cette enquête manifestent un va-et-vient constant entre arguments scientifiques et convictions idéologiques des interlocuteurs, entre orthodoxie libérale et socialisme. Jugée trop socialiste, trop économique et trop peu scientifique par ses contempteurs, l’ Enquête sur la production aurait pu ne pas voir le jour et fut la dernière enquête de cette ampleur. Ces analyses montrent que les activités savantes, traditionnellement étudiées par le biais de l’organisation scientifique du travail ou de l’expertise technique, peuvent aussi être pensées en termes d’autonomie relative, ce qui permet de mettre en valeur les formes concrètes de co-production du savoir par des fonctionnaires tout aussi savants que bureaucrates. |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | In 1921, a controversy breaks out at the board of directors of the International Labor Organization. It concerns the Office’s competences at making enquiries, and confronts the proponents of a systematic study of the causes of economic and social sicknesses and their remedies, to proponents of a mere centralized collection of member-states’ documents. What is at stake is a vast statistical enquiry which was directed from 1920 to 1924 by Edgar Milhaud, a professor for political economy recruited by Albert Thomas: the Enquiry on Production . The author’s methodology, hardly approved by employers’ representatives who underline the enquiry’s lack of scientism and objectivity, conveys a positivist view of social sciences which attaches a great importance to durkheimian analyses of social phenomena. The criticisms against this enquiry suggest that actors were constantly going back and forth between scientific arguments and ideological views, between liberal orthodoxy and socialism. Considered by its opponents as too socialist, too much economical, and not scientific enough, the Enquiry on Production was almost buried, and was the last enquiry of that kind. These analyses show that savant activities, traditionally studied through the so-called “scientific management” or “technical expertise”, can also be formulated by pointing out their relative autonomy. It allows to highlight the concrete forms of co-production of knowledge by both savant and bureaucrat administrators. |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | production |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | enquête scientifique |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Organisation Internationale du Travail |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | sciences sociales |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | entre-deux-guerres |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | controverse |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | production |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | social sciences |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | International Labor Organization |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | controversy |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Interwar period |
| 690 ## - LOCAL SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM (OCLC, RLIN) | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | scientific<br/>enquiry |
| 786 0# - DATA SOURCE ENTRY | |
| Note | Revue d’histoire moderne & contemporaine | 62-4 | 4 | 2016-01-04 | p. 7-32 | 0048-8003 |
| 856 41 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2015-4-page-7?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080">https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2015-4-page-7?lang=fr&redirect-ssocas=7080</a> |
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